Learning outcomes - after studying this topic, you should be able to:

• explain the difference between core and valence electrons
• distinguish between absorbance and emission spectra
• explain how atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) works
• convert experimental data between transmission, absorbance, and concentration if given appropriate information
• calculate the minimum wavelength of Bremsstrahlung radiation
• explain how the elements in stars and other celestial objects can be identified and their abundances measured from visible and X-ray spectrometry

• Section 4.5 (in Blackman, Bottle, Schmid, Mocerino and Wille, Chemistry, 3^rd Edition, 2015 (John Wiley))

• Fundamentals of spectroscopy (in ChemWiki)